5,6-dihydro(1H-indolo(3,2-C)quinoline-6,4&#39;-piperidines) and related compounds which are useful for treating pain, psychosis or convulsions

ABSTRACT

There are disclosed compounds having the formula ##STR1## where n is 0, 1, or 2; 
     p and q are each independently 1, 2 or 3; 
     each X and each Y are independently hydrogen, loweralkyl, loweralkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, amino, loweralkylamino, diloweralkylamino, trifluoromethyl or loweralkythio; 
     R 1  and R 2  are each independently hydrogen or loweralkyl; and 
     R 3  is hydrogen, loweralkyl, loweralkylcarbonyl, arylloweralkyl or aminocarbonyl; 
     which are useful as analgesic, antipsychotic and anticonvulsant agents.

The present invention relates to compounds of the formula, ##STR2##where n is 0, 1, or 2;

p and q are each independently 1, 2 or 3;

each X and each Y are independently hydrogen, loweralkyl, loweralkoxy,halogen, hydroxy, nitro, amino, loweralkylamino, diloweralkylamino,trifluoromethyl or loweralkylthio;

R₁ and R₂ are each independently hydrogen or loweralkyl; and

R₃ is hydrogen, loweralkyl, loweralkylcarbonyl, arylloweralkyl oraminocarbonyl;

which are useful as analgesic, antipsychotic and anticonvulsant agents.

Throughout the specification and the appended claims, a given chemicalformula or name shall encompass all stereo, geometrical and opticalisomers thereof where such isomers exist, as well as pharmaceuticallyacceptable acid addition salts thereof and solvates thereof such as forinstance hydrates.

The following definitions shall apply throughout the specification andthe appended claims.

Unless otherwise stated or indicated, the term loweralkyl denotes astraight or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.Examples of said loweralkyl include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-butyl,pentyl and hexyl.

Unless otherwise stated or indicated, the term cycloalkyl denotes analicyclic hydrocarbon group containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Examples ofsaid cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.

Unless otherwise stated or indicated, the term halogen shall meanfluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.

Unless otherwise stated or indicated, the term aryl shall mean anunsubstituted phenyl group or a phenyl group substituted with 1, 2 or 3substituents each of which being independently loweralkyl, loweralkoxy,halogen, hydroxy or trifluoromethyl.

The compounds of this invention are prepared by utilizing one or more ofthe steps described below.

Throughout the description of the synthetic steps, the definitions of n,p, q, X, Y, R₁, R₂ and R₃ are as given above unless otherwise stated orindicated.

STEP A

A compound of Formula II is allowed to react with acetonitrile in thepresence of BCl₃ and AlCl₃ in a suitable medium such as anhydrousbenzene or the like and thereafter the resultant product is hydrolyzedto afford a compound of Formula III. Typically, this reaction isconducted by reacting compound II with BCl₃ in anhydrous benzene under arefluxing condition, cooling the solution, adding acetonitrile and AlCl₃to the solution, refluxing the mixture and thereafter carefullyquenching the reaction. See, for instance, Sugasawa, J. Amer. Chem.Soc., Volume 100(15), 4842 (1978). ##STR3##

STEP B

Compound III is allowed to react with a phenylhydrazine of Formula IV ina routine manner known to the art to afford a compound of Formula V.Typically, this reaction is conducted in a suitable medium such as amixture of glacial acetic acid and ethanol under a refluxing condition.See also the article by Sugasawa cited above. ##STR4##

STEP C

Fisher indole synthesis is conducted with compound V in a routine mannerknown to the art to afford a compound for Formula VI. Typically, thisreaction is conducted in the presence of polyphosphoric acid at atemperature of about 80° to 140° C. ##STR5##

STEP D

As a special case, where a compound of Formula VI in which R₁ is methylis desired, one can use the following reaction route as an alternativeto the reaction steps described above.

Thus, a compound of Formula VII obtained from STEP C above is allowed toreact with formic acid and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in a routine mannerknown to the art to afford a compound of Formula VIII and thereaftercompound VIII is reduced with LiAlH₄ in a routine manner known to theart to afford a compound of Formula IX. ##STR6##

STEP E

Compound IX is allowed to react with a ketone of Formula X (where R₃ isnot aminocarbonyl) to afford a compound of Formula XI. Typically, thisreaction is conducted in a suitable solvent such as a mixture of glacialacetic acid and ethanol at a temperature of 50° to 80° C. ##STR7##

STEP F

As a special case, where a compound of Formula XI in which R₃ is ethylis desired, one can use the following reaction route as an alternativeto STEP E described above.

Thus, a compound of Formula XIa obtained in STEP E is reduced withLiAlH₄ in a suitable medium such as tetrahydrofuran at a temperature ofabout 0° to 65° C. to afford a compound of Formula XIb. ##STR8##

STEP G

A compound of Formula XIc obtained from STEP E is allowed to react with(CH₃)₃ SiNCO in the presence of K₂ CO₃ to afford a compound of FormulaXId. Typically, this reaction is conducted in a suitable solvent such astetrahydrofuran at a temperature of 0° to 65° C. ##STR9##

Compounds I of the present invention are useful as analgesic agents dueto their ability to alleviate pain in mammals. The activity of thecompounds is demonstrated in the 2-phenyl-1,4-benzoquinone-inducedwrithing (PQW) test in mice, a standard assay for analgesics [Proc. Soc.Exptl. Biol. Med., 95, 729 (1957)]. Results of this test for some of thecompounds of this invention are presented in Table 1.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        ANALGESIC ACTIVITY                                                            Compound            PQW                                                       ______________________________________                                        1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro-                                                                   ED.sub.50 = 10.3                                                                         mg/kg, s.c.                                    [1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-                                              piperidine] fumarate, hemiethanolate                                          1'-phenethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro-                                                                    -55% at 5  mg/kg, s.c.                                    1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-                                               piperidine] fumarate                                                          1'-acetyl-5,6-dihydrospiro-                                                                       -66% at 20 mg/kg, s.c.                                    1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-                                               piperidine]                                                                   (Reference Compound)                                                                              -50% at 1.3                                                                              mg/kg, s.c.                                    Pentazocine                                                                   ______________________________________                                    

The compounds of the present invention having formula I are useful asantipsychotic agents.

Antipsychotic activity is determined in the climbing mice assay bymethods similar to those described by P. Protais, et al.,Psychopharmacol., 50, 1 (1976) and B. Costall, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 50,39, (1978).

The subject CK-1 male mice (23-27 grams) are group-housed under standardlaboratory conditions. The mice are individually placed in wire meshstick cages (4"×4" by 10") and are allowed one hour for adaptation andexploration of the new environment. Then apomorphine is injectedsubcutaneously at 1.5 mg/kg, a dose causing climbing in all subjects for30 minutes. Compounds to be tested for antipsychotic activity areinjected intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to the apomorphine challengeat a screening dose of 10 mg/kg.

For evaluation of climbing, 3 readings are taken at 10, 20 and 30minutes after apomorphine administration according to the followingscale:

    ______________________________________                                        Climbing Behavior                                                             Mice With:            Score                                                   ______________________________________                                        4 paws on bottom (no climbing)                                                                      0                                                       2 paws on the wall (rearing)                                                                        1                                                       4 paws on the wall (full climb)                                                                     2                                                       ______________________________________                                    

Mice consistently climbing before the injection of apomorphine arediscarded.

With full-developed apomorphine climbing, the animals are hanging ontothe cage walls, rather motionless, over long periods of time. Byconstrast, climbs due to mere motor stimulation usually last only a fewseconds.

The climbing scores are individually totaled (maximum score: 6 per mouseover 3 readings) and the total score of the control group (vehicleintraperitoneally; apomorphine subcutaneously) is set to 100%. ED₅₀values with 95% confidence limits, calculated by a linear regressionanalysis, of some of the compounds of this invention are presented inTable 2.

Results of the climbing mice assay for some of the compounds of thisinvention along with a result for a reference compounds are presented inTable 2.

                  TABLE 2                                                         ______________________________________                                        ANTIPSYCHOTIC ACTIVITY                                                        Compound            Climbing Mice Assay                                       ______________________________________                                        1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro-                                                                   ED.sub.50 = 19.8                                                                         mg/kg, i.p.                                    [1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-                                              piperidine] fumarate, hemiethanolate                                          3-chloro-5,1'-dimethyl-5,6-                                                                       ED.sub.50 = 13.2                                                                         mg/kg, i.p.                                    dihydrospiro[1H-indolo-[3,2-c]                                                quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]                                                    dihydrochloride                                                               (Reference Compounds)                                                         Clozapine           ED.sub.50 = 8.1                                                                          mg/kg, s.c.                                    Sulpiride           ED.sub.50 = 14.5                                                                         mg/kg, s.c.                                    ______________________________________                                    

Antipsychotic response is achieved when the compounds of this inventionare administered to a subject requiring such treatment as an effectiveoral, parenteral or intraveneous dose of from 0.01 to 50 mg/kg of bodyweight per day. It is to be understood, however, that for any particularsubject, specific dosage regimens should be adjusted according to theindividual need and the professional judgement of the personadministering or supervising the administration of the aforesaidcompound. It is to be further understood that the dosages set forthherein are exemplary only and they do not to any extent, limit the scopeof practice of the invention.

Compounds I of the present invention are also useful as anticonvulsantagents due to their anticonvulsant activity in mammals. Anticonvulsantactivity is measured in the mouse using the supramaximal electroshock(SES) assay described in Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 92: 97-107, 1952. Inthis procedure groups of male mice, 18-30 grams, are used. Drugs areprepared using distilled water and, if insoluble, a surfactant is added.Control animals receive vehicle. Drugs are routinely administeredintraperitoneally (i.p.). The dosage volume is 10 ml/kg. A primaryscreen is given a 30 minute pretreat. The animal's eyes are placedacross the output terminals of an A.C. shocker that delivers 206 voltsrms for 300 msec. Electrode paste coats the animal's eyes at the pointof contact with the terminals. A compound is considered to giveprotection if the mouse does not exhibit extensor tonus. Protection isexpressed as normalized percent inhibition relative to vehicle control.

A time response is carried out using six animals/group. Animals aretested at 30, 60 and 120 minutes postdrug. Additional time periods aretested if indicated by previous tests. When the peak activity time hasbeen determined, a dose response is initiated using 10 animals/group atthat time period. The ED₅₀ and 95% confidence interval are calculated bycomputer probit analysis.

Test results of supramaximal electroshock for a compound of thisinvention along with a result for a reference compound are presented inTable 3.

                  TABLE 3                                                         ______________________________________                                        ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY                                                       Compound                                                                      ______________________________________                                        1'-ethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro-                                                                        -80% at 60 mg/kg, i.p.                                    [1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-                                              piperidine]                                                                   (Reference Compound)                                                          Chlorodiazepoxide   ED.sub.50 = 8.0 mg/kg, i.p.                               ______________________________________                                    

Effective quantities of the compounds of the invention may beadministered to a patient by any of the various methods, for example,orally as in capsule or tablets, parenterally in the form of sterilesolutions or suspensions, and in some cases intravenously in the form ofsterile solutions. The free base final products, while effectivethemselves, may be formulated and administered in the form of theirpharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts for purposes ofstability, convenience of crystallization, increased solubility and thelike.

Acids useful for preparing the pharmaceutically acceptable acid additionsalts of the invention include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric,hydrobromic, sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric and perchloric acids, as wellas organic acids such as tartaric, citric, acetic, succinic, maleic,fumaric and oxalic acids.

The active compounds of the present invention may be orallyadministered, for example, with an inert diluent or with an ediblecarrier, or they may be enclosed in gelatin capsules, or they may becompressed into tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeuticadministration, the active compounds of the invention may beincorporated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches,capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, chewing gum and thelike. These preparations should contain at least 0.5% of activecompounds, but may be varied depending upon the particular form and mayconveniently be between 4% to about 70% of the weight of the unit. Theamount of active compound in such compositions is such that a suitabledosage will be obtained. Preferred compositions and preparationsaccording to the present invention are prepared so that an oral dosageunit form contains between 1.0-300 milligrams of active compound.

The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like may also contain thefollowing ingredients: a binder such as micro-crystalline cellulose, gumtragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, adisintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, cornstarch and thelike; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotex; a glidant suchas colloidal silicon dioxide; and a sweeting agent such as sucrose orsaccharin may be added or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methylsalicylate, or orange flavoring. When the dosage unit form is a capsule,it may contain, in addition to materials of the above type, a liquidcarrier such as a fatty oil. Other dosage unit forms may contain othervarious materials which modify the physical form of the dosage unit, forexample, as coatings. Thus, tablets or pills may be coated with sugar,shellac, or other enteric coating agents. A syrup may contain, inaddition to the active compounds, sucrose as a sweetening agent andcertain preservatives, dyes, coloring and flavors. Materials used inpreparing these various compositions should be pharmaceutically pure andnon-toxic in the amounts used.

For the purpose of parenteral therapeutic administration, the activecompounds of the invention may be incorporated into a solution orsuspension. These preparations should contain at least 0.1% of activecompound, but may be varied between 0.5 and about 30% of the weightthereof. The amount of active compound in such compositions is such thata suitable dosage will be obtained. Preferred compositions andpreparations according to the present inventions are prepared so that aparenteral dosage unit contains between 0.5 to 100 milligrams of activecompound.

Examples of the compounds of this invention include:

5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-methyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

3-chloro-5,1'-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-acetyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-ethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-propyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-aminocarbonyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-phenylmethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]

1'-phenethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1',5,11-trimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1',11-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

5,11-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1',5-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

3-chloro-1',5,11-trimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

8-bromo-1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1',5-dimethyl-2-methoxy-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

1'-cyclopropylmethyl-5-methyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

2-fluoro-1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

3-fluoro-1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

8-methylthio-1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

3-bromo-1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

3-methylthio-1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine];

The following examples are presented in order to illustrate thisinvention.

EXAMPLE 1 4-Chloro-2-(methylamino)acetophenone phenylhydrazone

A solution of 95 g of 3-chloro-N-methylaniline in 100 ml of benzene wasadded dropwise to ice-cold 1.0M BCl₃ /benzene (804 ml) under N₂ and thesolution was refluxed for 2 hours. The solution was cooled to roomtemperature and 70 ml of anhydrous CH₃ CN was added followed by 98 g ofAlCl₃ in several portions. This mixture was refluxed for 20 hours. Thereaction was quenched, with ice bath cooling, by careful addition of 200ml of water followed by one liter of 3.4M HCl. The mixture was refluxedfor one hour, cooled and separated. The aqueous layer was extracted withCH₂ Cl₂ (2x). The combined organic extract was washed with brine anddried (MgSO₄). Concentration gave 30.8 g of brown oil. Proton NMRindicated ca 70:30 mixture of the desired4-chloro-2-(methylamino)acetophenone and byproduct2-chloro-6-(methylamino)acetophenone. This mixture was used directlybelow.

A mixture prepared from 28.5 g of the above acetophenones, 15.3 ml ofphenylhydrazine, 9.0 ml of HOAc and 50 ml of EtOH was refluxed for 45minutes. The solid, which crystallized on cooling to room temperature,was collected and washed with hexane to give 18.5 g of orangecrystalline solid, m.p. 113°-116°. Recrystallization of 2.0 g of thissolid from methanol gave 1.2 g of yellow needles, m.p. 118°-120° C.

Analysis. Calculated for C₁₅ H₁₆ ClN₃ : 65.81% C, 5.89% H, 15.35% N.Found: 65.73% C, 5.86% H, 15.34% N.

EXAMPLE 2 N-[2-(1H-Indol-2-yl)phenyl]formamide

To a solution prepared from 20 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole, 12.7 ml offormic acid and 500 ml of THF was added 26 g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide at room temperature under N₂. The resultant solution wasstirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was then filtered andthe filtrate washed with aqueous NaHCO₃ (2x), H₂ O and saturated NaClsolution and dried (MgSO₄). Concentration gave a red oil which waspurified by HPLC, using 1% EtOAc/CH₂ Cl₂ as an eluent, to afford 11.45 gof solid, m.p. 147°-149° C.

Analysis. Calculated for C₁₅ H₁₂ N₂ O: 76.25% C, 5.12% H, 11.86% N.Found: 76.26% C, 5.10% H, 11.62% N.

EXAMPLE 3 5,6-Dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]

To a mixture prepared from 8 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole, 2.5 ml ofacetic acid and 100 ml of ethanol was added 6.5 g of 4-piperidone·H₂O·HCl. The mixture was refluxed for 6 hours and thereafter cooled toroom temperature. The resultant mixture was treated with dilute NH₄ OHand the resultant solid was collected, washed with water and dried. Thecrude product (9.15 g) was flash chromatographed using CH₃ OH as aneluent, and thereafter converted to the HCl salt. This salt wasconverted back to the free base using CH₂ Cl₂ /dilute NH₄ OH to give5.96 g of solid, m.p. 257°-259° dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₁₉ H₁₉ N₃ : 78.86% C, 6.62% H, 14.52% N.Found: 78.26% C, 6.73% H, 14.47% N.

EXAMPLE 41'-Methyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperdine]

To a solution prepared from 8 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole, 2.5 ml ofacetic acid and 100 ml of ethanol was added 5.15 g of1-methyl-4-piperidone. The mixture was refluxed for 6 hours.Concentration gave a gum which was triturated with dilute NH₄ OH and theresultant solid was collected. Flash chromatography using 10% CH₃ OH/CH₂Cl₂ as an eluent gave 4.15 g of yellow solid, m.p. 228°-230° dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₀ H₂₁ N₃ : 79.17% C, 6.98% H, 13.85% N.Found: 78.85% C, 7.09% H, 13.68% N.

EXAMPLE 51',5-Dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]fumarate,hemiethanolate

To a cooled solution of 1M LiAlH₄ /THF (82.6 ml) was added a solution of9.75 g of N-[2-(1H-indol-2-yl)phenyl]formamide in 150 ml of THF. After30 minutes of stirring the solution was quenched with an NH₄ Clsolution, filtered and concentrated to give a brown oil. Flashchromatography using 10% CH₂ Cl₂ /hexane gave 7.18 g of blue oil.

To a solution of this oil in 70 ml of ethanol were added 2 ml of aceticacid and 4.3 ml of 1-methyl-4-piperidone. The mixture was refluxed for 6hours. Concentration gave a mixture which was treated with a dilute NH₄OH solution and the solid was collected. Flash chromatography using 5%CH₃ OH/CH₂ Cl₂ gave 3.5 g of green solid. The solid was converted to thefumate salt and recrystallized in ethanol to give 3.01 g of yellowsolid, m.p. 257°-259° C. dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₁ H₂₃ N₃ ·C₄ H₄ O₄ ·0.5C₂ H₆ O: 68.40% C,6.63% H, 9.20% N. Found: 68.80% C, 6.64% H, 9.45% N.

EXAMPLE 63-Chloro-5,1'-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo-[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]dihydrochloride

4-Chloro-2-(methylamino)acetophenone phenylhydrazone (13 g) was addedportionwise over 10 minutes to 130 g of polyphosphoric acid at 80° underN₂, during which the temperature was maintained below 100°. Theresultant mixture was warmed at 100° for 1 hour and thereafter poureddirectly into excess water with stirring. The precipitated product wascollected, washed with water and dried (P₂ O₅) under high vacuum to give12 g of tan solid which was a phosphate salt of2-(4-chloro-2-methylaminophenyl)-1H-indole.

A mixture prepared from 5.5 g of this indole, 2.2 g of1-methyl-4-piperidone, 10 ml of BF₃ ·Et₂ O and 30 ml of acetic acid waswarmed at 70° under N₂ for 1 hour. The mixture was cooled and pouredonto excess ice, made basic with 50% NaOH solution and extracted withCH₂ Cl₂ (2x). The extract was washed with a half saturated NaCl solutionand dried (MgSO₄). Concentration gave 2.1 g of solid. This was convertedto its dihydrochloride salt in EtOH/Et₂ O to give 1.35 g of tan solid,m.p. 252°-255°.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₁ H₂₂ ClN₃ ·2HCl: 59.38% C, 5.69% H, 9.89% N.Found: 59.26% C, 5.60% H, 9.91% N.

EXAMPLE 71'-Acetyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]

To a solution prepared from 5 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole, 100 ml ofethanol and 2 ml of glacial acetic acid was added dropwise 3 ml of1-acetyl-4-piperidone. The resultant solution was refluxed for 6 hoursand thereafter cooled, whereupon a solid precipitated. Filtration andwashing with ether and hexane gave 3.95 g of yellow solid, m.p.285°-287° dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₁ H₂₁ N₃ O: 76.10% C, 6.39% H, 12.68% N.Found: 76.25% C, 6.36% H, 12.67% N.

EXAMPLE 81'-Ethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]

A solution of 7.5 g of1'-acetyl-5,6-dihydrospiro-[1H-indolo-[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]in 60 ml of THF was added dropwise to 45 ml of 1M LiAlH₄ /THF. Thesolution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and thereafterquenched with NH₄ Cl, filtered through celite and concentrated to give9.2 g of crude product. Flash chromatography using 7% CH₃ OH/CH₂ Cl₂ asan eluent gave 3.5 g of solid, m.p. 238°-240° dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₁ H₂₃ N₃ : 79.46% C, 7.30% H, 13.24% N.Found: 79.06% C, 7.37% H, 13.12% N.

EXAMPLE 91'-Propyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]maleate,monoethanolate

To a mixture prepared from 7.8 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole, 100 ml ofethanol and 2.5 ml of acetic acid was added 5.7 ml of1-propyl-4-piperidone. The mixture was heated at reflux for 6 hours. Thesolution was cooled, concentrated and treated with a dilute NH₄ OHsolution. The resultant solid was collected, washed with water and driedto give 11.8 g of tan solid. This was flash chromatographed using 5% CH₃OH/CH₂ Cl₂ as an eluent to give 2.8 g of light tan solid. The maleatesalt was prepared in ethanol and recrystallized from ethanol to give 2.2g of solid, m.p. 150°-153° dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₂ H₂₅ N₃ ·C₄ H₄ O₄ ·C₂ H₆ O: 68.13% C, 7.15%H, 8.51% N. Found: 68.00% C, 7.06% H, 8.49% N.

EXAMPLE 101'-Aminocarbonyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo-[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]

To a solution of 4 g of5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine] in 100 ml ofTHF were added 9.7 g of K₂ CO₃ and 13.9 ml of trimethylsilyl isocyanate(32% xylene by weight). The mixture was stirred overnight at roomtemperature and filtered. Subsequently, an additional 5.6 ml oftrimethylsilyl isocyanate was added and the resultant solution wasstirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. Concentration gave asolid/gum mixture which was triturated with H₂ O to give 3.07 g ofsolid, m.p. 265°-267° dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₀ H₂₀ N₄ O: 72.26% C, 6.07% H, 16.86% N.Found: 71.70% C, 6.07% H, 16.61% N.

EXAMPLE 111'-Phenylmethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]-quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]

To a mixture prepared from 7.6 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole, 2.5 ml ofacetic acid and 90 ml of ethanol was added 7.4 ml of1-phenylmethyl-4-piperidone. The resultant solution was refluxed for 6hours. Concentration gave a solid/gum mixture which was taken up in EtOHand treated with dilute NH₄ OH. Filtration gave 12.45 g of yellow solid.This was recrystallized from CH₃ OH/H₂ O to give 9.0 g of yellow solid.High vacuum drying (90°) gave 2.6 g of dark yellow solid, m.p. 155°-157°C.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₆ H₂₅ N₃ : 82.29% C, 6.64% H, 11.07% N.Found: 82.16% C, 6.68% H, 10.84% N.

EXAMPLE 121'-Phenethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine]fumarate

Under N₂, 5 g of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole was combined with 100 ml ofEtOH, 2 ml of acetic acid and 4.9 g of 1-phenethyl-4-piperidone. Themixture was stirred at reflux for 2 hours. Concentration gave a gumwhich was triturated with a dilute ammonia solution to give a solid.HPLC using 7% EtOAc/CH₂ Cl₂ as an eluent gave a solid which as convertedto the fumarate salt in ethanol to give 2.8 g of solid, m.p. 216°-220°dec.

Analysis. Calculated for C₂₇ H₂₇ N₃ ·C₄ H₄ O₄ : 73.06% C, 6.13% H, 8.45%N. Found: 73.33% C, 5.86% H, 8.67% N.

We claim:
 1. A compound of the formula ##STR10## where n is 1;p and qare each independently 1, 2 or 3; each X and each Y are independentlyhydrogen, loweralkyl, loweralkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, amino,loweralkylamino, diloweralkylamino, trifluoromethyl or loweralkylthio;R₁ and R₂ are each independently hydrogen or loweralkyl; and R₃ ishydrogen, loweralkyl, loweralkylcarbonyl, arylloweralkyl oraminocarbonyl;or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition saltthereof.
 2. The compound as defined in claim 1, wherein R₁ is hydrogen.3. The compound as defined in claim 1, wherein R₁ is methyl.
 4. Thecompound as defined in claim 1, wherein R₂ is hydrogen.
 5. The compoundas defined in claim 1, wherein each Y is hydrogen or halogen.
 6. Thecompound as defined in claim 1, wherein each X is hydrogen or halogen.7. The compound as defined in claim 1, wherein R₁ is hydrogen or methyland R₂ is hydrogen.
 8. The compound as defined in claim 7, wherein eachY is hydrogen or halogen.
 9. The compound as defined in claim 7, whereineach X is hydrogen or halogen.
 10. The compound as defined in claim 1,which is 5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].11. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-methyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].12. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1',5-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].13. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is3-chloro-5,1'-dimethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].14. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-acetyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].15. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-ethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].16. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-propyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].17. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-aminocarbonyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].18. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-phenylmethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].19. The compound as defined in claim 1, which is1'-phenethyl-5,6-dihydrospiro[1H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6,4'-piperidine].20. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as defined inclaim 1 in an amount effective for alleviating pain, psychosis orconvulsion, and a suitable carrier therefor.
 21. A method of treating apatient in need of relief from pain which comprises administering to thepatient an effective pain alleviating amount of a compound as defined inclaim
 1. 22. A method of treating a patient in need of relief frompsychosis which comprises administering to the patient an effectivepsychosis alleviating amount of a compound as defined in claim
 1. 23. Amethod of treating a patient in need of relief from convulsion whichcomprises administering to the patient an effective convulsionalleviating amount of a compound as defined in claim 1.